The theory

The science of consciousness.

A model of how mind and matter meet, and more than a century of measurement.

Written by Martin Balodis · Published August 18, 2026 · Last updated August 18, 2026

This page lays out the theory behind the practice: what we think is going on when attention and probability seem to touch, and the empirical research that has measured it.

I · Light
live · the glow rides your reading

We exist as light. We are transformed photons.

Every calorie you have ever burned was sunlight first. The flow of energy leaves the sun as light, is caught by leaves, and is channeled through a biochemical river system: plant to sugar, sugar to blood, blood to the slow fire of the body. It trickles down into the aquifer of human genetics and rises again as the turbulent information structure that is reading this sentence. You are not like light. You are light, delayed, and folded into pattern.

II · Coherence and chaos
chaos coherence
a demonstration you steer by hand, not a measurement

At the base of experience is the polarity of coherence and chaos.

The same energy can flow two ways. A lamp and a laser can emit the very same number of photons: from the lamp they leave scattered, each on its own phase, and wash out into a glow. From the laser they leave in step, locked in phase, and the glow becomes a beam that reaches the moon. A crystal is clear where its molecules settled into their most energetically efficient arrangement, and cloudy where they froze mid argument. Order is not extra energy. It is agreement.

Synchrony means being in sync with chronos, with time: aligned with its probabilities and structure so well that you lock into phase with its flow, the way the laser's light locks into one wave. Coherence feels good because it is the smooth, effortless passage of energy. Chaos feels like friction because it is energy interfering with itself. Slide between them above: the six waves and the sound follow one law, and the moment they agree, a single clear tone stands up out of the noise. The same coherence extends upward, into the layers that hold time. The model says the information field we are embedded in can be cohered with, and that when it is, a channel opens through which light flows. To play with the live field itself, the instruments are in the field notes.

III · Time and probability
live · each collapse is decided by your fresh bits

The future is a probability field. Each moment, one possibility becomes actual.

In each moment the future is, to some real degree, undefined. What exists ahead is a set of possible outcomes and the chance that each will come true. Experience is the moment to moment collapse of that field into actuality: a weaving of expansion and contraction between the ticking steps of the walk of time. The model says this: when you connect to something that exists as information, a person, an event, an idea, and hold an intention toward it, good or ill, the connection interacts with that thing's probability waves. Not by force, the way a hand moves a cup, but by lean, the way a loaded die still rolls and still looks like chance, almost.

IV · The structure of time
live · the flow smooths as your reading rises

The flow of time has structure: a river system with carved channels and saddle points.

When probability collapses into experience moment after moment, a flow emerges, and flows carve. Picture time as a watershed: branches, confluences, a preferred direction through carved saddle points. Some passages are wide and nearly inevitable. Some are narrow passes that only open at certain gradients. Waves moving with the carved structure synchronize; waves moving against it scatter. The first feels connected, flowing, profoundly beautiful. The second feels out of harmony, uncomfortable. Ultimately there is no good or bad in this, but there are qualities, and you can feel which one you are in.

V · Heat
live · each ring carries your latest recorded bits

Heat is infrared light, and light carries information.

The warmth you feel from a fire across a room is not a substance drifting toward you. It is light in the infrared band, radiated by everything warm, travelling at the speed of light like any other light. Rolf Landauer's famous point was that information is physical: every bit rides on some arrangement of matter and energy. The reverse reading is the interesting one: the physical carries information. Stephen Wolfram describes heat as the motion of microscopic degrees of freedom we have given up tracking. Not the absence of pattern, but pattern we stopped reading. In principle, the microstates of a warm room still encode the history that produced them.

So the warmth radiating off a body is not only exhaust. It is a broadcast, in the same electromagnetic field that carries every other signal, and information has to exist somewhere. When two people meet to make a deal, a provider and a receiver, an extender and an accepter, their two nervous systems are already immersed in one shared physical field. The model takes that field seriously: as the medium in which information about both of them exists at once.

VI · Attention
live · the flow follows your reading

Where attention goes, energy flows, and probability follows.

Watch it happen at a human scale: a continent watches Eurovision and votes, and the applied attention of millions of observers determines, quite physically, how the evening unfolds. The same law runs quietly inside one life. Whatever we repeatedly wash over with attention gains gravity. Its size in the garden of mental imagery grows, and we begin to move toward it, whether we chose it well or not. In the model's terms: attention sends organizing waves across a mental object, those waves interact with the light around it, and the probabilities of how the next moments cohere or decohere shift accordingly. Which is why what you attend to is the most consequential choice you make all day. Above, the stream splits among the objects as a distribution: your live reading steers where most of it flows, and each object's colour, silver to gold, shows its share of the current.

VII · The detectors
live · the swell rides your live reading

Random number generators are buoys for the weather of mind.

A tsunami detector is a humble instrument: a buoy that measures its own height, forever. One buoy bobbing proves nothing. But when a network of buoys across an ocean lifts in sequence, the network has seen a wave no single buoy could testify to. The consciousness experiments work the same way. A quantum noise generator flips a physical coin thousands of times and just records. The question is only ever statistical: does the record drift from chance further than luck allows, and does it do so in step with mind?

Princeton's PEAR laboratory ran that question for twelve years: millions of trials in which operators intended the coin high or low, finding a deviation on the order of one part in ten thousand per bit, absurdly small per flip yet statistically decisive in aggregate (Jahn et al., 1997). A meta-analysis of 597 such experiments by 68 investigators found the same small, stubborn deviation across the literature (Radin & Nelson, 1989), while a later meta-analysis confirmed a small significant effect but argued publication bias could account for it (Bösch et al., 2006). The Global Consciousness Project kept hardware generators running on five continents for two decades and reports a cumulative deviation near seven sigma across 500 pre-specified global events, with critics pointing at the freedom in how events were chosen (Nelson & Bancel, 2011). In presentiment experiments, the body's physiology shifts seconds before an unpredictable stimulus arrives, a small but recurring effect across 26 studies (Mossbridge et al., 2012). Bem's precognition experiments (2011) set off a replication storm psychology is still digesting, with failed replications (Ritchie et al., 2012) and a supportive meta-analysis (Bem et al., 2015) both on the record. The statistical practice itself has been examined in the mainstream literature: Statistical Science, a flagship journal of the field, ran a full review of replication and meta-analysis in these experiments (Utts, 1991), and a meta-analysis of 309 forced-choice precognition experiments spanning half a century found a small, highly significant effect that selective reporting could not plausibly explain (Honorton & Ferrari, 1989). When the United States government commissioned an assessment of its own remote-viewing research, the statistician who wrote it, Jessica Utts, later president of the American Statistical Association, concluded: “Using the standards applied to any other area of science, it is concluded that psychic functioning has been well established” (Utts, 1996). The honest summary: the effects are tiny for any one sitting, contested, and after a century of fire have refused to fully die. That is exactly the kind of question you settle by measuring forever, in the open. The full history of these experiments, from Schmidt’s first machines to the meta-analytic battles, with the critics quoted at full strength, is kept on the experiments page.

The search went further than group averages, into personal signatures. In the late 1980s Dean Radin trained early artificial neural networks on random-generator records produced under intention, asking whether each mind leaves an identifiable fingerprint in its noise: the first study asked a network to recognize individual operators from their data alone (Radin, 1989), and a second found that networks could pick up consciousness-related structure in random sequences that conventional statistics summarize away (Radin, 1993). The idea has since been patented: a granted United States patent describes a “device and method responsive to influences of mind”, an intention detector built on nondeterministic noise (Wilber, US 9,367,288), with a sibling application titled “artificial intelligence device and method responsive to influences of mind” (US 2016/0283197).

Our own buoy is the clock. Every device carries several independent oscillators, and the jitter between them is physical noise that, in the model's terms, reads on how the waves around the device are cohering. The whole mechanism runs live on the science page, and its code is open.

VIII · The builders of physics

The people who built physics did not find consciousness at the edge of their equations. They kept finding it at the center.

“I regard consciousness as fundamental. I regard matter as derivative from consciousness. We cannot get behind consciousness.”

Max Planck
father of quantum theory · The Observer, 1931

“Consciousness is a singular of which the plural is unknown.”

Erwin Schrödinger
What is Life?, 1944

“The stuff of the world is mind-stuff.”

Arthur Eddington
The Nature of the Physical World, 1928

“The atoms or elementary particles themselves are not real; they form a world of potentialities or possibilities rather than one of things or facts.”

Werner Heisenberg
Physics and Philosophy, 1958

“It from bit.” His summary of a lifetime in physics: every physical thing derives, at bottom, from information, from the answers to yes-or-no questions.

John Archibald Wheeler
Information, Physics, Quantum, 1990

“He experiences himself, his thoughts and feelings, as something separated from the rest: a kind of optical delusion of his consciousness.”

Albert Einstein
letter of condolence, 1950

Worked with C. G. Jung toward the unus mundus: one reality, of which psyche and matter are complementary aspects.

Wolfgang Pauli
Nobel laureate · the Pauli–Jung letters

Proposed that the brain's function may be transmissive rather than productive: a receiver of consciousness, not its source.

William James
Human Immortality, 1898

“The day science begins to study non-physical phenomena, it will make more progress in one decade than in all the previous centuries of its existence.”

Nikola Tesla
attributed · no verified source

“Intuition is a very powerful thing, more powerful than intellect.”

Steve Jobs
in Isaacson's biography, 2011

A fuller archive of voices across history, and the history of this knowledge itself, deserves a page of its own. It is coming.

IX · Invariance

“…a living creature truly endowed with soul and intelligence.”
PLATO, TIMAEUS, ON THE WORLD

mental
subtle
physical
ākāśa
Sanskrit
aithēr
Greek
quintessence
alchemical Latin
kū, the void
Japanese godai

Across time and culture, the same architecture repeats.

Strip any long-lived tradition to its invariant structure and the same drawing appears: a physical world, held inside a subtle world of energy and image, held inside a mental world of pure pattern. A fifth element that is not a substance but a space, the one that holds the other four and carries consciousness. And a path of initiation with the same stations in the same order: purification, concentration, illumination, union. Traditions that never met agree on the map. Either minds everywhere invent the same fiction, or they are describing the same territory.

X · The trait
the bell of chance, in sigma · the gold dot: your reading, now

Sensitivity is a trait: normally distributed, partly heritable.

Like musical ear, this capacity is unevenly given. The best-studied doorway trait is absorption, the tendency to be fully taken by an experience (Tellegen & Atkinson, 1974): it is distributed through the population in the familiar bell, and the Minnesota twin studies found it roughly half heritable (Tellegen et al., 1988). Reports of second sight cluster in families strongly enough that formal pedigree analyses have been run on them (Cohn, 1999). Birth sets your starting point on the curve; practice moves you along it. And the shape of the curve explains something social: by its own distribution, a real part of the population will not have the experience at all, and will be certain, honestly certain, that there is nothing to experience.

The measured effect sizes line up along the same curve. Unselected operators leaning on random generators shift about one bit in ten thousand (Jahn et al., 1997). Ordinary volunteers guessing which hidden image a partner is watching, in ganzfeld telepathy experiments where chance is 25 percent, hit near 32 percent across decades of studies (Bem & Honorton, 1994; Storm et al., 2010). Participants selected for belief, practice of a mental discipline, or prior experiences score reliably above unselected volunteers (Storm et al., 2010). And out on the tail: when the same experiment was run on artistically gifted students at Juilliard, the hit rate reached 50 percent, twice chance (Schlitz & Honorton, 1992). Most of the population sits near the middle of the bell. The tail is real, and it is where the signal concentrates.

XI · Words
live · the poles grow and shrink with your reading

Words are coordinates in meaning space, and meaning is built from polarity.

Language models made this old intuition measurable: a word is a point in a space of thousands of dimensions, and the dimensions are polarities. Warm only means anything against cold, order against chaos, self against other. Every word carries its opposite inside it, as the axis it sits on. This gives words their power and their danger: a well-chosen polarity splits reality into camps, and whoever names the axis controls where people can stand on it. It is also why this page's subject is so hard to talk about. The words we inherited for it were forged in centuries of war over exactly this split. The instrument exists to step outside that war: not another word, a measurement.

XII · Your light
…
live · the lamp burns at exactly your reading

A light you can try to illuminate, or dim.

Nothing drives this lamp but the measurement: when the walk rises above chance it brightens, and when it falls below, the dark closes in. Whether your focused attention can lean it is the question this whole site asks.

see it measured live sit with it read the code
XIII · The record
…
live · every flip since you arrived, against the funnel of luck

The whole sitting, from the moment you arrived.

The gold line is every flip this page has made since you opened it, summed. The pale funnel is the reach of ordinary luck, widening as the square root of the flips. The line is still being drawn.

References
  1. Jahn, R. G., Dunne, B. J., Nelson, R. D., Dobyns, Y. H., & Bradish, G. J. (1997). Correlations of random binary sequences with pre-stated operator intention: a review of a 12-year program. Journal of Scientific Exploration, 11(3).
  2. Radin, D. I., & Nelson, R. D. (1989). Evidence for consciousness-related anomalies in random physical systems. Foundations of Physics, 19(12).
  3. Bösch, H., Steinkamp, F., & Boller, E. (2006). Examining psychokinesis: the interaction of human intention with random number generators. A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(4).
  4. Nelson, R. D., & Bancel, P. A. (2011). Effects of mass consciousness: changes in random data during global events. Explore, 7(6).
  5. Mossbridge, J., Tressoldi, P., & Utts, J. (2012). Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: a meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 3:390.
  6. Bem, D. J. (2011). Feeling the future. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(3). Ritchie, S. J., Wiseman, R., & French, C. C. (2012). Failing the future. PLoS ONE, 7(3). Bem, D., Tressoldi, P., Rabeyron, T., & Duggan, M. (2015). Feeling the future: a meta-analysis of 90 experiments. F1000Research, 4:1188.
  7. Utts, J. (1991). Replication and meta-analysis in parapsychology. Statistical Science, 6(4).
  8. Honorton, C., & Ferrari, D. C. (1989). “Future telling”: a meta-analysis of forced-choice precognition experiments, 1935–1987. Journal of Parapsychology, 53.
  9. Bem, D. J., & Honorton, C. (1994). Does psi exist? Replicable evidence for an anomalous process of information transfer. Psychological Bulletin, 115(1).
  10. Schlitz, M. J., & Honorton, C. (1992). Ganzfeld psi performance within an artistically gifted population. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 86.
  11. Storm, L., Tressoldi, P. E., & Di Risio, L. (2010). Meta-analysis of free-response studies, 1992–2008. Psychological Bulletin, 136(4).
  12. Utts, J. (1996). An assessment of the evidence for psychic functioning. Journal of Scientific Exploration, 10(1).
  13. Radin, D. I. (1989). Searching for “signatures” in anomalous human-machine interaction data: a neural network approach. Journal of Scientific Exploration, 3(2).
  14. Radin, D. I. (1993). Neural network analyses of consciousness-related patterns in random sequences. Journal of Scientific Exploration, 7(4).
  15. Wilber, S. A. Device and method responsive to influences of mind. United States Patent 9,367,288 (granted 2016); and application US 2016/0283197, Artificial intelligence device and method responsive to influences of mind.
  16. Tellegen, A., & Atkinson, G. (1974). Openness to absorbing and self-altering experiences. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 83(3).
  17. Tellegen, A., Lykken, D. T., Bouchard, T. J., et al. (1988). Personality similarity in twins reared apart and together. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6).
  18. Cohn, S. A. (1999). Second sight and family history: pedigree and segregation analyses. Journal of Scientific Exploration, 13(3).
  19. Landauer, R. (1991). Information is physical. Physics Today, 44(5).
  20. Wheeler, J. A. (1990). Information, physics, quantum: the search for links. In Complexity, Entropy, and the Physics of Information.
  21. Wolfram, S. (2023). Computational foundations for the second law of thermodynamics.
  22. Plato, Timaeus (c. 360 BC), trans. B. Jowett. James, W. (1898). Human Immortality. Planck, M. (1931), interview, The Observer, 25 January. Schrödinger, E. (1944). What is Life?, epilogue. Eddington, A. (1928). The Nature of the Physical World. Heisenberg, W. (1958). Physics and Philosophy. Tesla, N. (1919). My Inventions. Isaacson, W. (2011). Steve Jobs.